EDI reffers to the transmission and receipt of such common-place trading documentation as involves, purchase orders and credit notes.
EDI benefits
The general heading of IS can be broken down into six generic types-these are listed below;
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a new type of application that includes powerful facilities to manage the enterprise as a whole.
ERP can also include models for the finance and human resources aspects of a business.
Excutive support systems (ESS) are a relatively new category of systems that support decision making by senior management. They serve the stategic level of the organisation.
Important :- ESS are oriented toward external events, although they do take summarised information from MIS and DSS.
Decision Support Systems(DSS) are devoted to supporting management decision that are semi-sturctured.
These systems draw on internal information from TPS and MIS. and they often bring in information from external sources.
Important:- DSS tend to be interactive, providing users with easy access to data and analytical models through user friendly interface.
At the management level, management infromation systems(MIS) provide managers with reports and online access to the organisations current performance and historical records.
The majority of the discussion so far has concentrated on systems that process information alone. It should not be forgotten that many organisations use computers-based systems to perfrom physical control function within business as well.
Office Automation Systems can be defined as any application of IT that intends ti increase the productivity of office workers.
A Transaction Processing systems (TPS) is a computarised systems that performs and records the daily routine trasaction necessary to the conduct of the business.
Examples include: sales order entry, hotel reservation systems.
A business must first formulate a business strategy for itself. It will then expand this into a competitive strategy depending on what industry sector it is operating in.
The developed nations of the world live in the information age. or as often referred to as the knowledge age. This high-tech world is populated by knowledge workers.
Computers are everywhere in the factory, in the shop, the office and the home. Developing countries are using the cheap technology to catapult themselves into the knowledge age and their knowledge workers can link over the electronic superhighways and provide service to any business in the world.
In the early of computing - during the 1950s and much of the 1960s managers generally did not need to know much about how information was processed in their organisations.
IS now play a strategic role in most business. They affect :
Systems :- a set of connected things that from a whole or work together.
The innovative quality of the advancing technology associated with telecommunication lies in the liberation of the individual from remaining in one physical location.
The global office has arrived for many workers and has bought with it whole different set of problems for users.
There is a real need to adjust managerial and workplace culture to take account of the individuals need for his or her privacy.
The study of the relationship between people and their working environment, including machinery, computer systems, etc.
The health and safety factors with the use of computer systems and communication equipment seem to multiply day by day. According to one set of recent research the risk of developing a brain tumor through using mobile telephones can be reduced by using hands-free accessories.
Organisation now have to make use of Telecommunications to survive. at one time only big corporations were multinational, but now companies can become great and global at the same time thanks to the new channels of communication and e-commerce.
Multiple Projects are usually being planned or actually happening at the same time in any organisation. Project management software allows staff to track and to plan these numerous projects. it works by breaking down a complicated project into subtasks. each with its own completion date and the required resources.
Office Scheduling Technology is the collective term for software packages which co-ordinate individual and group activities and appointments: in effect these are electronic calenders and diaries.
Stock control systems automatically adjust stock levels and take corrective action when the re-order level is reached.
Barcodes are used extensively in retail outlets at the point of sale and for a range of stock control applications.
where the ratailer is selling a service rather than goods, electronic booking and reservation systems work on a similar principle of instantly updating records thus ensuring availability is current and accurate.
When an order is received, the systems will check if the customers has an existing account. The stock file will be checked to see if the goods are in stock. if they are the invoice and despatch note are created and issued along with the goods.
Desktop publishing packages are more sophisticated forms word processors. text, image, graphs, tables & charts can be imported from other software packages and the pages made up on screen into very professional reports, notices or publicity material of a quality similar to that found in books and magazines.
Word Processing systems are the most common application of information technology to office work. This is because document production is one of the main functions of business. These software packages have improved dramatically the productivity of office workers, both cletrical and managerial, by automating the creation, editing and printing of letters and documents.
Computer Spreadsheet are computerised versions of an accountants financial modeling tools; columnar pad,pencil & calculator. A Spreadsheet is laid out like graph paper in a grid of rows & columns. The squares, or cells can be filled with numbers, formulate or labels. The great advantages of computerised Spreadsheets is that they allow modelling and are ideal for forecasting and budgeting. 
Internal information can take many froms. it may be verbal, written or electronic, and original from current or historical records.
A collection of data organised so that the information can be accessed and utilised by many different applications.
The benefits are;
Application software is a category of software which handles the processing for a particulars task.
Business communication is generally a matter of information handling and processing. Advances in the use of computer and telecommunications technology have had a impact on the way in which information in collected,
The major benefits of gathering and presenting information in this way are:-
A leader joins in a group discussion with a list of issues from which solutions-actions, a timescale and actions on individuals are the result.
Groups come together to throw ideas into the arena on any particulars issue or topic. It does not matter whether these ideas are workable or completely bizarre, they are all given consideration.
People with shared aims coming together to achieve those aims. This involves division of labour, management of resources and external, as well as internel, communication.
This takes place in the form of propaganda- for example, in wartime, in polotics, it also happens when people are unfairly in their use of details from a particular set of information, so that they can sensationlise by emphasising certain parts of the information.
When composing a message:-
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